Excavating-machine.



G. H. DUNLOP. ExcAvAmG MACHINE.

A APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26. ISH.. 1,36,6911 Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. 0

\ @NITE GEORGE HENRY DUNLOP, OF AUBURN, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA.

EXCAVATING-MACHINE.

Application led J une 26, 1911.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HENRY DUN- LoP, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at No. 20 Robinsons road, Auburn, Victoria, Australia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Excavating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machinery of the type in which a scoop or bucket is dragged along the ground by a filling rope until it is filled with earth or other material; is hoisted by a hoist-conveying rope passing from the scoop over the pulley on the jib of the derrick or crane; isl conveyed by swinging the said jib; and is dumped by being overturned over the place where the load of earth or other material is to be deposited.

The improvements `constituting this .invention consist in the use of two hoistconveying ropes, and in the method and means by which they, and parts which may be employedv in conjunction with them, are used as for example in operating a scoop.

My invention will now be described aided by a reference to the attached sheets of drawings in which Figure l is a plan, and

Fig. 2 a side elevation showing the excavating machine -with the scoop in position for filling, being hoisted full, and being dumped. rlhe latter two positions are indicated in dotted lines.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to 2 but showing a tipping rope passing direct to a winding drum at the lower part of j ib.

Fig. l is a side elevation showing the scoop, filling rope, hoist-conveying ropes and a multiple tackle connected with' the filling rope.

Fig. 5 is a part side view, and

Fig. 6 a part plan of an adjusting socket and Va brake at the foot of the jib.

.Themachine consists of a derrick or crane l, having a swinging jib 2, and excavating scoop or bucket 3, a filling rope 4 passing from a winding drum 5 on the derrick to the scoop 3, and connected to the latter near the mouth or cutting edge thereof by the usual spreading chains, or by a rigid bail 6 as may be found preferable; two hoistconveying ropes 7? and 7b passing from two winding drums 8a and 8b on the derrick l over two pulleys 10 at the outer end of the Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented aug. ia, mit.

Serial No. 635,332.

jib 2 to the scoop 3 to which they are connected.

The filling rope 4 passes from the winding drum 5 conveniently placed on the derrick over a guide pulley 13, thence downward and partly around a guide pulley 14 at the foot of the jib and on to the scoop, the two guide pulleys being so arranged that the rope passing between thein is, for a short distance, vertical and centrical over the pivot at the foot of the jib 2. rI`he winding drums 8a and Sb for the hoist-conveying ropes are placed sufiiciently apart one at each side of the fore and aft center line of the derrick; the jib swings around a pivot on this center line at one end of the derrick; at each side of the pivot approximately at right angles to the center line and about as far apart as the winding drums there are single pulleys arranged in a well known way, or pairs of them 16, fixed to parts of the frame of the machine that do not swing with the jib, to suitably guide the hoistwconveying ropes 71l and 7b as the jib is swung. The filling drum 5 may be mounted at the middle, and the hoist-conveying drums 8a and 8b, one at each end of the shaft 9 on the derrick placed at right angles to the fore and aft center line, and each drum should be fitted with a brake and a clutch-preferably of the friction type and furnished with the usual operating levers.

A brake ll is shown iitted at the foot of the jib 2 (Figs. 5 and 6) which will have a lever or treadle suitable for operation by an attendant in order to hold the jib if necessary, over any particular place, as for example over the cutting where the scoop is being filled, or over the embankment where the scoop may be delayed owing to sticky material adhering to the scoop and so forth.

In hard ground it may be found that the power available on the filling rope is insufficient. Now, as shown and as is well known, in derrick cranes having fixed frame works combined with swinging jibs, it is usual practice to have the line passing from the jib to the fixed portion of the machine, with some part of its length vertical and centrical over or under the pivot. In ordinary constructions there would not be space for multiplying tackle such as a rope and pulleys under the pivot, but such multiplying tackle 12 can be conveniently arranged above the pivot as shown in Fig. 4, in order to give greater power -for filling the scoop when required in hard ground.

For jibs having very long booms, such as may be used with the excavator described, it is desirable to give as rigid a fixing as possible at the foot of the jib. For this purpose the boom is shown iitted into an adjusting socket 2O at the foot, and secured thereto by bolts. In order that the-outer end of the boom may be raised or lowered within limits,

through slotted holes 23 in the socket. this construction the outer end of the boom can be set at any desired elevation, within limits, and the Yfoot then rigidly clamped to the casting by means of the bolts 21 and 22,

and plate washers may be used under the nuts,covering the outer ends of the two pieces used to form the boom as shown. The

spaces between the splayed parts of the casting' and the boom may be filled by timberv wedges 24C or the like.

Let it be assumed that the improved eX- t cavatin machine, according to this invention, is eing used toeXcavate a channel and vto deposit the earth in one or two sideembankments.

First let .it be understood-that the eX cavated material is all to be placed in one side embankment on the right-hand side of the `cutting when looking from the derrick toward the outer end ofthe jib. Then the left hand-hoistconveying rope passes over a pulley at the outer end of the jib,as explained, and is attached to the back of the scoop; while the right-hand hoist-conveying rope passes over apulley at the outer end of the jib, but somewhat nearer the pivot than the other, and is attached by bars or chains to the scoop in such a way as maybe most convenient so that the filled scoop when hoisted will carry its load without spilling, but pre'lerably by spreading chains as for example, one to each front top cor-ner and one to the back of the scoop. Now assume that the scoop is iilled in the cutting, for eX- v it is again tobe iillednand viceversa.

ainple1 to the leitward oi the `foreand aft center line of the derrick. Then the cycle of operations per scoopful of earth will be as follows z-Hoist by the rightwhand hoist-conve fino' ro 3e 7a kee nino' `the brakes a a alied b 3 CD 'i to the drums for the left-hand hoist conveying rope 7b, and the filling rope 4L so that there shall be no unnecessary slack. As the `right-hand hoist-conveying rope 7LL passes from the jib-head pulley around theguide pulley some distance aside from the pivot at the foot of the jib, it is evident that this rope when the scoop is suspended by it will apply a pull at the jib-head tending to swing the jib to the right. llVhen the scoop is hoisted high enough and conveyed `over the embankment site, the l driver applies the brake (or it be the friction clutch) to hold the drum of the left-hand hoist-conveying ropel, and at the sainetime throws out the clutch and slacks out the right hand hoist-conveying rope 7a. This causes the scoop to drop until it is suspended by the hoist-conveying rope 71 attached tothe back ofthescoopso that the open mouth is downward to dump the load of earth; and now the weight of the scoop, asitis being lowered Iout byk theileftehand,hoisteconveying rope 7b controlled by*` the. brake, causes-.the jibl `to kswing.leitwardI in a similar manner to-that abovey describedv forizthe .rightwardswing f The scoop. is. lowered a down in4 this 4way until v`the cutting. edge ,rests onit the ground where the scoop is to be filled, andthen the iilling rope 4 is applied .to haul itheescoop forward toiillL it, while 'the back-.of the scoopgmay'be `held tilted up bythe leftfhand.hoist-epnvey :ing rope 7b suHiciently` to cause athe scoop to lout into-the earth, especially in therearlier stage of the fillingloperation.L 'It isevident that with the `appliances and in the. mannen ldescribed the scoop maya bedumpedleither gently, so as not to damage wagons, or with a jerk so as to throw out sticky material.

Second let it be assumed that the scoop is to be dumped sometimesvover the'right-ward embankment, and sometimesuover the leftward embankment, and lit may be alternately. Then the iight-hand .andthe left-hand hoist- Aconveying ropes 7e. and 7b respectively pass from their respective winding. drums overpbr` head pulleys side by side on .the same pin at the-'position' indicated in Fig. 3,;andrdown to the shackle at the topofa rigid'fbridle' 25, in which the scoopis somounted `pivotally that i the `fil-led scoop! may. be hoisted carrying. its load of earth, and rotated-by Ameans of :the tipping rope QGoperated bythe drum 27 1according,tolAustralianxPatent No. .12,102 so as to dump the contents.'` So attacheduthe deft-hand hoist conveying rope may beein-4 f ployed to hoist the Vfilled-scoop and convey it over the left-ward embankment, andi the right handhoistsconveying rope to lower'the emptyl scoopf and convey it to the placev where flateral pull either waygtofswinguthe jih, as

for example bythe suspended weight ofthe `empty scoop. But the sropeslmay be so arranged that more than yhalf *of the weight of the scoop may be on onehoist-conveying rope, and the remainder on the other, so as -to reduce the swinging speed, using' the apparatus herein described. It is evidentV that if, as shown in Fig. l, the innerof each pair of guidepulleys used for swingingthe jib be set `forward, and thelo outer one backward, from the line through the pivot of the jib at 'right angles to the center line of the machine, a greater leverage can be obtained for swinging the jib at its sideward positions than if the pulleys were set with their centers -on that line.

Any well known type of derrick may be used having part of the frame upon which the swinging guide pulleys for the hoistconveying ropes may be suitably fixed at each side of the jib pivot, so that they do not swing with the jib.

One hoist-conveying rope is used to hoist the scoop and swing the jib one way, the other hoist-conveying rope to lower and swing the opposite way. When the filled scoop is always swung one way the 'rope used to hoist it is attached suitably for raising the scoop without spilling the contents. The other rope is attached suitably for over turning the scoop to dump the contents and to lower it onto the ground on the cutting edge suitably for refilling. When the loaded scoop must be swung either way the two ropes are arranged similarly so that either may be used to raise or lower the scoop, and in this case either the machine will be fitted with a tipping rope and gear according to Australian Patent No. 12,102, or a dump hook under the head of the jib and a catch or bail on the scoop to engage therewith will be used to dump the scoop. Either with the tipping rope or dump-hook but more especially with the latter, the scoop should be so designed as to hang mouth downward when empty, so that it will drop onto the cutting edge when lowered onto the ground to fill. To hoist without swinging the jib or to hold the jib without swinging when the scoop is suspended, both hoist-conveying ropes must be used each loaded equally or nearly so. But if necessary the jib may be fitted with a brake operable by the driver to control the swinging.

A crane of the ordinary locomotive type might be used with suitable guide pulleys for the hoist-conveying ropes but I prefer a derrick in which all parts of the machine are stationary while excavating, except the jib which is rotatably set on a pivot at one end of the machine in a well known way.

For operating the scoop I prefer three drums each with friction clutch and brake mounted on one cross shaft and this construction is especially suitable where the motor is continuously running, as for example with an internal combustion engine.

The derrick may be suitably mounted and geared for movement along as the work progresses.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an excavating machine, in combination, a support provided with a jib, a scoop, a lling line applied t-o the scoop, a guide pulley adjacent to the foot of the jib and to which said line extends, a winding drum for actuating said line, and multiple tackle comprising a rope and pulleys arranged vertically above the foot of said jib and operatively interposed between said drum and said line.

2. In an excavating machine, in combination7 a derrick comprising a laterally swingable jib and a relatively fixed support extending upwardly above the foot of the jib, a scoop, a hoist-conveying cable attached to said scoop, the jib provided with a pulley arranged approximately at its point and receiving said cable, said support having a guide pulley for said cable arranged to one side of the axis on which said jib swings, a winding drum for actuating said cable, guide pulleys arranged approximately at the foot of the jib and a distance above said foot and approximately in the vertical line of the axis on which said jib swings, a fillingY connection for said scoop and extending therefrom and over said last mentioned pulleys whereby said connection embodies a portion arranged vertically over the foot of the jb, and a winding drum for actuating said lling connection.

3. In an excavating machine, in combination, a derrick comprising a laterally swingable jib and a relatively fixed support extending vertically above the foot of the Jib, an axis mounted upon said derrick and to the rear of the foot of said jib, said axis carrying a series of winding drums, hoisting cables passing from the two outermost of said drums over pulleys at the point of said jib and depending downwardly therefrom, a scoop carried by said depending cables, said vertical support carrying multiple tackle comprising a rope and pulley arranged vertically above the foot of said jib, a filling cable fastened at one end to the open end of said scoop and passing' through and over said multiple tackle to a winding drum located centrally upon said afore-mentioned drum carrying shaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE HENRY DUNLOP.

Witnesses:

BnDLrNeToN BoDYeoMB, W. J. S. TI-IoMrsoN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

